https://wiki.lug.ro/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Autentificare_cu_PPPoE_pentru_retelele_de_cartier Autentificare cu PPPoE pentru retelele de cartier - Revizia istoricului 2026-05-06T10:07:04Z Istoricul versiunilor pentru această pagină din wiki MediaWiki 1.27.7 https://wiki.lug.ro/index.php?title=Autentificare_cu_PPPoE_pentru_retelele_de_cartier&diff=6660&oldid=prev Rz: /* Ce este PPTP? */ 2010-09-21T13:12:08Z <p>‎<span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Ce este PPTP?</span></span></p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left" data-mw="interface"> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <tr style='vertical-align: top;' lang='ro'> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">← Versiunea anterioară</td> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Versiunea de la data 21 septembrie 2010 13:12</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l256" >Linia 256:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Linia 256:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=== Ce este PPTP? ===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=== Ce este PPTP? ===</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>PPTP este acronimul <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">a “Point </del>to Point Tuneling <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Protocol”</del>. A fost dezvoltat de un consortiu de companii, printre care si Microsoft si este folosit pentru a stabilit tunele VPN peste Internet. Acesta permite utilizatorilor sa-si acceseze de la distanta, in siguranta, reteaua firmei, de oriunde de pe Internet.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>PPTP este acronimul <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">de la &quot;Point </ins>to Point Tuneling <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Protocol&quot;</ins>. A fost dezvoltat de un consortiu de companii, printre care si Microsoft si este folosit pentru a stabilit tunele VPN peste Internet. Acesta permite utilizatorilor sa-si acceseze de la distanta, in siguranta, reteaua firmei, de oriunde de pe Internet.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>PPTP foloseste modelul client-server pentru a stabili conexiunile VPN. Sistemele de operare Windows vin cu un client PPTP incepand de la versiunea Windows 98, ceea ce pune solutia PPTP un pic in fata fata de PPPoE, care are suport nativ doar in Windows XP.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>PPTP foloseste modelul client-server pentru a stabili conexiunile VPN. Sistemele de operare Windows vin cu un client PPTP incepand de la versiunea Windows 98, ceea ce pune solutia PPTP un pic in fata fata de PPPoE, care are suport nativ doar in Windows XP.</div></td></tr> </table> Rz https://wiki.lug.ro/index.php?title=Autentificare_cu_PPPoE_pentru_retelele_de_cartier&diff=6659&oldid=prev Rz: /* WISPs- Wireless Internet Service Providers */ 2010-09-21T13:11:30Z <p>‎<span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">WISPs- Wireless Internet Service Providers</span></span></p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left" data-mw="interface"> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <tr style='vertical-align: top;' lang='ro'> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">← Versiunea anterioară</td> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Versiunea de la data 21 septembrie 2010 13:11</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l31" >Linia 31:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Linia 31:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Cei mai multi provideri doresc satisfacerea primului punct, autentificarea.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Cei mai multi provideri doresc satisfacerea primului punct, autentificarea.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== WISPs <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">– </del>Wireless Internet Service Providers ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== WISPs <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">- </ins>Wireless Internet Service Providers ==</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Un provider wireless poate opera hotspoturi sau intregi infrastructuri wireless. Necesitatea securizarii buclei locale wireless (WLL <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">– </del>wireless local loop) este evidenta in acest caz, pentru a elimina furtul serviciului.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Un provider wireless poate opera hotspoturi sau intregi infrastructuri wireless. Necesitatea securizarii buclei locale wireless (WLL <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">- </ins>wireless local loop) este evidenta in acest caz, pentru a elimina furtul serviciului.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Solutii pentru securizarea hotspoturilor wireless si a retelelor ethernet &quot;de cartier&quot; ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Solutii pentru securizarea hotspoturilor wireless si a retelelor ethernet &quot;de cartier&quot; ==</div></td></tr> </table> Rz https://wiki.lug.ro/index.php?title=Autentificare_cu_PPPoE_pentru_retelele_de_cartier&diff=6607&oldid=prev Rz: /* Solutia PPPoE bazata pe Linux, Roaring Penguin PPPoE pppd, Freeradius mysql */ 2010-09-19T23:17:30Z <p>‎<span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Solutia PPPoE bazata pe Linux, Roaring Penguin PPPoE pppd, Freeradius mysql</span></span></p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left" data-mw="interface"> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <tr style='vertical-align: top;' lang='ro'> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">← Versiunea anterioară</td> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Versiunea de la data 19 septembrie 2010 23:17</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l172" >Linia 172:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Linia 172:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Orice distributie Linux poate fi folosita pentru a construi un server PPPoE. Este recomandat sa se foloseasca un kernel din generatia 2.6, cu o revizie cat mai recenta (peste 2.8.1). Distributiile mai vechi nu contin pachetul PPP care suporta autentificare si accounting prin RADIUS.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Orice distributie Linux poate fi folosita pentru a construi un server PPPoE. Este recomandat sa se foloseasca un kernel din generatia 2.6, cu o revizie cat mai recenta (peste 2.8.1). Distributiile mai vechi nu contin pachetul PPP care suporta autentificare si accounting prin RADIUS.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pentru testul nostru am folosit un sistem bazat pe debian unstable, kernel 2.6.11-1-686-smp. Acesta are suportul PPPoE compilat in kernel, deci nu trebuie recompilat kernelul, dar trebuie recompilat pachetul rp-pppoe pentru a putea folosi suportul in kernel.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pentru testul nostru am folosit un sistem bazat pe debian unstable, kernel 2.6.11-1-686-smp. Acesta are suportul PPPoE compilat in kernel, deci nu trebuie recompilat kernelul, dar trebuie recompilat pachetul rp-pppoe pentru a putea folosi suportul in kernel.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>## '''PPPd''' - [http://www.samba.org/ppp ppp] - Orice versiune mai noua de 2.4 are suport Radius. Pe site versiunea oficiala este 2.4.3, dar in debian unstable este impachetata o versiune beta, mai noua, dar complet functionala, versiunea 2.4.4b1-1. Se instaleaza folosind comanda &lt;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">font size=&quot;2&quot;</del>&gt;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&lt;font face=&quot;Courier, monospace&quot;&gt;“apt</del>-get install <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ppp”</del>&lt;/<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">font&gt;&lt;/font</del>&gt;</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>## '''PPPd''' - [http://www.samba.org/ppp ppp] - Orice versiune mai noua de 2.4 are suport Radius. Pe site versiunea oficiala este 2.4.3, dar in debian unstable este impachetata o versiune beta, mai noua, dar complet functionala, versiunea 2.4.4b1-1. Se instaleaza folosind comanda &lt;<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">tt</ins>&gt;<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">apt</ins>-get install <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ppp</ins>&lt;/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">tt</ins>&gt;</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>## [http://www.roaringpenguin.com/penguin/open_source_rp-pppoe.php&#160; '''RP-PPPoE''' (Implementare linux a pppoe de catre <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[http://roaringpenguin.com/ </del>Roaring Penguin])</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>## [http://www.roaringpenguin.com/penguin/open_source_rp-pppoe.php&#160; '''RP-PPPoE''' (Implementare linux a pppoe de catre Roaring Penguin])</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Autorii sustin in documentatie ca serverul PPPoE din pachetul rp-pppoe este doar pentru testari si nu este gata pentru productie “''Note that pppoe-server is meant mainly for testing PPPoE clients. It is not a high-performance server meant for production use.”, ''dar el este foarte solid si performant. Nu va asteptati la suport tehnic pentru aplicatia pppoe-server, pentru ca exista un server comercial bazat pe RP-PPPoE, [http://www.finepointnetworks.com/products/servpoet/index.html ServPoET BMS], care incepe de la preturi de $10.000, server care se poate crea si cu produse open-source si care poate fi mai customizabil decat solutia pre-packaged ServPoEt.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Autorii sustin in documentatie ca serverul PPPoE din pachetul rp-pppoe este doar pentru testari si nu este gata pentru productie “''Note that pppoe-server is meant mainly for testing PPPoE clients. It is not a high-performance server meant for production use.”, ''dar el este foarte solid si performant. Nu va asteptati la suport tehnic pentru aplicatia pppoe-server, pentru ca exista un server comercial bazat pe RP-PPPoE, [http://www.finepointnetworks.com/products/servpoet/index.html ServPoET BMS], care incepe de la preturi de $10.000, server care se poate crea si cu produse open-source si care poate fi mai customizabil decat solutia pre-packaged ServPoEt.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pe debian se instaleaza folosind comanda &lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Courier, monospace&quot;&gt;“apt-get install pppoe”&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pe debian se instaleaza folosind comanda &lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Courier, monospace&quot;&gt;“apt-get install pppoe”&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;</div></td></tr> </table> Rz https://wiki.lug.ro/index.php?title=Autentificare_cu_PPPoE_pentru_retelele_de_cartier&diff=6604&oldid=prev Rz: /* Solutia PPPoE bazata pe Linux, Roaring Penguin PPPoE pppd, Freeradius mysql */ cleanup a bit 2010-09-19T23:14:50Z <p>‎<span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Solutia PPPoE bazata pe Linux, Roaring Penguin PPPoE pppd, Freeradius mysql: </span> cleanup a bit</span></p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left" data-mw="interface"> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <tr style='vertical-align: top;' lang='ro'> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">← Versiunea anterioară</td> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Versiunea de la data 19 septembrie 2010 23:14</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l172" >Linia 172:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Linia 172:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Orice distributie Linux poate fi folosita pentru a construi un server PPPoE. Este recomandat sa se foloseasca un kernel din generatia 2.6, cu o revizie cat mai recenta (peste 2.8.1). Distributiile mai vechi nu contin pachetul PPP care suporta autentificare si accounting prin RADIUS.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Orice distributie Linux poate fi folosita pentru a construi un server PPPoE. Este recomandat sa se foloseasca un kernel din generatia 2.6, cu o revizie cat mai recenta (peste 2.8.1). Distributiile mai vechi nu contin pachetul PPP care suporta autentificare si accounting prin RADIUS.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pentru testul nostru am folosit un sistem bazat pe debian unstable, kernel 2.6.11-1-686-smp. Acesta are suportul PPPoE compilat in kernel, deci nu trebuie recompilat kernelul, dar trebuie recompilat pachetul rp-pppoe pentru a putea folosi suportul in kernel.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pentru testul nostru am folosit un sistem bazat pe debian unstable, kernel 2.6.11-1-686-smp. Acesta are suportul PPPoE compilat in kernel, deci nu trebuie recompilat kernelul, dar trebuie recompilat pachetul rp-pppoe pentru a putea folosi suportul in kernel.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>## '''PPPd''' - [http://www.samba.org/ppp <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&lt;span&gt;http://www.samba.org/</del>ppp<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&lt;/span&gt;</del>] <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">– </del>Orice versiune mai noua de 2.4 are suport Radius. Pe site versiunea oficiala este 2.4.3, dar in debian unstable este impachetata o versiune beta, mai noua, dar complet functionala, versiunea 2.4.4b1-1. Se instaleaza folosind comanda &lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Courier, monospace&quot;&gt;“apt-get install ppp”&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>## '''PPPd''' - [http://www.samba.org/ppp ppp] <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">- </ins>Orice versiune mai noua de 2.4 are suport Radius. Pe site versiunea oficiala este 2.4.3, dar in debian unstable este impachetata o versiune beta, mai noua, dar complet functionala, versiunea 2.4.4b1-1. Se instaleaza folosind comanda &lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Courier, monospace&quot;&gt;“apt-get install ppp”&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>## [http://www.roaringpenguin.com/penguin/open_source_rp-pppoe.php&#160; '''RP-PPPoE''' (Implementare linux a pppoe de catre <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Roaring Penguin)] </del>[roaringpenguin.com]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>## [http://www.roaringpenguin.com/penguin/open_source_rp-pppoe.php&#160; '''RP-PPPoE''' (Implementare linux a pppoe de catre [<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">http://</ins>roaringpenguin.com<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">/ Roaring Penguin</ins>]<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">)</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Autorii sustin in documentatie ca serverul PPPoE din pachetul rp-pppoe este doar pentru testari si nu este gata pentru productie “''Note that pppoe-server is meant mainly for testing PPPoE clients. It is not a high-performance server meant for production use.”, ''dar el este foarte solid si performant. Nu va asteptati la suport tehnic pentru aplicatia pppoe-server, pentru ca exista un server comercial bazat pe RP-PPPoE, [http://www.finepointnetworks.com/products/servpoet/index.html ServPoET BMS], care incepe de la preturi de $10.000, server care se poate crea si cu produse open-source si care poate fi mai customizabil decat solutia pre-packaged ServPoEt.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Autorii sustin in documentatie ca serverul PPPoE din pachetul rp-pppoe este doar pentru testari si nu este gata pentru productie “''Note that pppoe-server is meant mainly for testing PPPoE clients. It is not a high-performance server meant for production use.”, ''dar el este foarte solid si performant. Nu va asteptati la suport tehnic pentru aplicatia pppoe-server, pentru ca exista un server comercial bazat pe RP-PPPoE, [http://www.finepointnetworks.com/products/servpoet/index.html ServPoET BMS], care incepe de la preturi de $10.000, server care se poate crea si cu produse open-source si care poate fi mai customizabil decat solutia pre-packaged ServPoEt.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pe debian se instaleaza folosind comanda &lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Courier, monospace&quot;&gt;“apt-get install pppoe”&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pe debian se instaleaza folosind comanda &lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Courier, monospace&quot;&gt;“apt-get install pppoe”&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pachetul trebuie recompilat pentru a activa suportul de kernel-mode in PPPoE. Acest lucru aduce un plus de performanta de 20-30 de ori. Pentru aceasta, se aduce [http://www.roaringpenguin.com/penguin/open_source_rp-pppoe.php sursa cea mai noua de PPPoE], sau se ia pachetul deb-src si se recompileaza. Odata dezarhivata arhiva, se intra in directorul “src” si se executa comanda “./configure –enable-plugin=/usr/include/pppd/”. La sfarsit trebuie sa afiseze:</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pachetul trebuie recompilat pentru a activa suportul de kernel-mode in PPPoE. Acest lucru aduce un plus de performanta de 20-30 de ori. Pentru aceasta, se aduce [http://www.roaringpenguin.com/penguin/open_source_rp-pppoe.php sursa cea mai noua de PPPoE], sau se ia pachetul deb-src si se recompileaza. Odata dezarhivata arhiva, se intra in directorul “src” si se executa comanda “./configure –enable-plugin=/usr/include/pppd/”. La sfarsit trebuie sa afiseze:</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>&lt;font face=&quot;Courier, monospace&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt; On this platform, the following targets will be built:&lt;br /&gt; pppoe pppoe-server pppoe-sniff pppoe-relay '''rp-pppoe.so'''&lt;br /&gt; Type 'make' to compile the software.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br /&gt;</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>&lt;font face=&quot;Courier, monospace&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt; On this platform, the following targets will be built:&lt;br /&gt; pppoe pppoe-server pppoe-sniff pppoe-relay '''rp-pppoe.so'''&lt;br /&gt; Type 'make' to compile the software.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br /&gt;</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Apoi cu <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">“dpkg</del>-<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">buildpackage” </del>sau cu clasicul <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">“make</del>; make <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">install” </del>slackware-ist, se instaleaza serverul PPPoE.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Apoi cu <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&quot;dpkg</ins>-<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">buildpackage&quot; (pe [[Debian]]) </ins>sau cu clasicul <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&quot;make</ins>; make <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">install&quot; </ins>slackware-ist, se instaleaza serverul PPPoE.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>## [ftp://ftp.cityline.net/pub/radiusclient/ Radiusclient] - http://freshmeat.net/projects/radiusclient/</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>## [ftp://ftp.cityline.net/pub/radiusclient/ Radiusclient] - http://freshmeat.net/projects/radiusclient/</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Biblioteca de sistem care permite mai multor aplicatii autentificarea la servere Radius. Pe debian se instaleaza folosind comanda &lt;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">font size=&quot;2&quot;</del>&gt;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&lt;font face=</del>&quot;<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Courier, monospace&quot;&gt;“apt</del>-get install <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">radiusclient1”&lt;/font&gt;</del>&lt;/<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">font</del>&gt;</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Biblioteca de sistem care permite mai multor aplicatii autentificarea la servere Radius. Pe debian se instaleaza folosind comanda &lt;<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">tt</ins>&gt;&quot;<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">apt</ins>-get install <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">radiusclient1&quot;</ins>&lt;/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">tt</ins>&gt;</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>## Freeradius - http://www.freeradius.org/ - este succesorul serverului open source [http://www.radius.cistron.nl/ Cistron Radius]. Exista multe servere Radius open source, si debian mai include pachete si pentru xtradius si yardradius. Freeradius este rapid, flexibil, configurabil si suporta multe protocoale de autentificare. Il instalam impreuna cu modulul de mysql.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>## Freeradius - http://www.freeradius.org/ - este succesorul serverului open source [http://www.radius.cistron.nl/ Cistron Radius]. Exista multe servere Radius open source, si debian mai include pachete si pentru xtradius si yardradius. Freeradius este rapid, flexibil, configurabil si suporta multe protocoale de autentificare. Il instalam impreuna cu modulul de mysql.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">“apt</del>-get install freeradius mysql-server freeradius-<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">mysql”</del>&amp;gt;</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">apt</ins>-get install freeradius mysql-server freeradius-<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">mysql </ins>&amp;gt;</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Cele mai importante rfc-uri care descriu protocolul RADIUS sunt</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Cele mai importante rfc-uri care descriu protocolul RADIUS sunt</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>&lt;div style=&quot;margin-left: 20pt&quot;&gt;http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2865.txt - Descrierea protocolului RADIUS - Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS)&lt;br /&gt;http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2866.txt - RADIUS Accounting&lt;/div&gt;</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>&lt;div style=&quot;margin-left: 20pt&quot;&gt;http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2865.txt - Descrierea protocolului RADIUS - Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS)&lt;br /&gt;http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2866.txt - RADIUS Accounting&lt;/div&gt;</div></td></tr> </table> Rz https://wiki.lug.ro/index.php?title=Autentificare_cu_PPPoE_pentru_retelele_de_cartier&diff=6603&oldid=prev Rz: /* Suportul in Windows al PPPoE */ cleanup 2010-09-19T23:11:44Z <p>‎<span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Suportul in Windows al PPPoE: </span> cleanup</span></p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left" data-mw="interface"> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <tr style='vertical-align: top;' lang='ro'> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">← Versiunea anterioară</td> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Versiunea de la data 19 septembrie 2010 23:11</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l247" >Linia 247:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Linia 247:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div># [http://www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/using/networking/learnmore/ppoe.mspx Clientul standard din Windows XP]. Pentru versiunile anterioare se poate folosi versiunea gratuita de raspppoe.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div># [http://www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/using/networking/learnmore/ppoe.mspx Clientul standard din Windows XP]. Pentru versiunile anterioare se poate folosi versiunea gratuita de raspppoe.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div># <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Raspppoe: </del>http://www.raspppoe.com/</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div># <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[</ins>http://www.raspppoe.com/ <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Raspppoe]</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div># <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">WinPoET de la FinePoint Networks: </del>http://www.finepointnetworks.com/products/winpoet/</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div># <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[</ins>http://www.finepointnetworks.com/products/winpoet/ <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">WinPoET] de la FinePoint Networks</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Si pentru Raspppoe, si pentru WinPoET exista SDK-uri contra cost, cu care se poate customiza si branda clientul PPPoE.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Si pentru Raspppoe, si pentru WinPoET exista SDK-uri contra cost, cu care se poate customiza si branda clientul PPPoE.</div></td></tr> </table> Rz https://wiki.lug.ro/index.php?title=Autentificare_cu_PPPoE_pentru_retelele_de_cartier&diff=6602&oldid=prev Rz: /* Solutii pentru securizarea hotspoturilor wireless si a retelelor ethernet "de cartier" */ cleanup 2010-09-19T23:10:41Z <p>‎<span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Solutii pentru securizarea hotspoturilor wireless si a retelelor ethernet &quot;de cartier&quot;: </span> cleanup</span></p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left" data-mw="interface"> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <tr style='vertical-align: top;' lang='ro'> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">← Versiunea anterioară</td> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Versiunea de la data 19 septembrie 2010 23:10</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l39" >Linia 39:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Linia 39:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pentru securizarea acestor linkuri exista cateva solutii generale, in ordinea complexitatii:</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pentru securizarea acestor linkuri exista cateva solutii generale, in ordinea complexitatii:</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div># '''Portaluri captive <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">“catch </del>and <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">release”</del>''', din care enumar doar doua, mai reprezentative:</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div># '''Portaluri captive <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&quot;catch </ins>and <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">release&quot;</ins>''', din care enumar doar doua, mai reprezentative:</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#* <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Nocat auth - </del>http://nocat.net/downloads/NoCatAuth/ - unul dintre primele portaluri captive</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#* <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[</ins>http://nocat.net/downloads/NoCatAuth/ <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Nocat auth] </ins>- unul dintre primele portaluri captive</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#* <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Chillispot: </del>http://www.chillispot.org/ - un portal mai avansat si configurabil, care suporta si autentificare RADIUS.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#* <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[</ins>http://www.chillispot.org/ <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Chillispot] </ins>- un portal mai avansat si configurabil, care suporta si autentificare RADIUS.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Principala problema a acestor scheme de autentificare este ca doar cer utilizatorilor sa treaca de o pagina de login (eventual criptata SSL), dupa care acelei perechi IP si MAC i se permita sa treaca prin gateway. Cu un simplu sniffer de pachete aceasta schema este exploatabila. Odata ce IP-ul si MAC-ul celorlalte calculatoare conectate sunt gasite, orice alt calculator isi poate falsifica MAC-ul si IP-ul cu cel al victimei autentificate, si poate sa treaca prin gateway. MAC-ul placii de retea (NIC <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">– </del>network interface card) poate fi schimbat in windows cel mai usor cu <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">SMAC: </del>http://www.klcconsulting.net/smac/</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Principala problema a acestor scheme de autentificare este ca doar cer utilizatorilor sa treaca de o pagina de login (eventual criptata SSL), dupa care acelei perechi IP si MAC i se permita sa treaca prin gateway. Cu un simplu sniffer de pachete aceasta schema este exploatabila. Odata ce IP-ul si MAC-ul celorlalte calculatoare conectate sunt gasite, orice alt calculator isi poate falsifica MAC-ul si IP-ul cu cel al victimei autentificate, si poate sa treaca prin gateway. MAC-ul placii de retea (NIC <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">- </ins>network interface card) poate fi schimbat in windows cel mai usor cu <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[</ins>http://www.klcconsulting.net/smac/ <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">SMAC]</ins>. Cu SMAC este foarte usoara schimbarea Mac-ului in Windows<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">.</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[[Image:schimba-mac-smac</del>.<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">jpg|</del>Cu SMAC este foarte usoara schimbarea Mac-ului in Windows<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">]]&lt;br clear=&quot;left&quot; /&gt;''Imaginea 1: Cu SMAC este foarte usoara schimbarea MAC-ului in Windows''</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div># '''Solutii VPN''': datorita suportului pe Windows, in general, se pot alege una din solutiile VPN: PPTP, PPPoE sau IPsec.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div># '''Solutii VPN'''<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&lt;nowiki&gt;</del>: datorita suportului pe Windows, in general, se pot alege una din solutiile VPN: PPTP, PPPoE sau IPsec.<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&lt;/nowiki&gt;</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div># '''<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[</ins>http://www.ieee802.org/1/pages/802.1x.html <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">802.11x]''' - </ins>standardul port security pentru Ethernet. Bazat pe <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[</ins>http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3748.txt <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">EAP] (Extensible Authentification Protocol)</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div># '''<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">802.11x '''- </del>http://www.ieee802.org/1/pages/802.1x.html <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">– </del>standardul port security pentru Ethernet. Bazat pe <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">EAP (Extensible Authentification Protocol) - </del>http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3748.txt</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div># '''802.11i ''' <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">- </ins>implementand complet 802.11x si folosind criptare AES, acesta pare sa fie <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&quot;viitorul&quot;</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div># '''802.11i '''<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">– </del>implementand complet 802.11x si folosind criptare AES, acesta pare sa fie <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">“viitorul”</del></div></td><td colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== WIFI Security si VPN-urile ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== WIFI Security si VPN-urile ==</div></td></tr> </table> Rz https://wiki.lug.ro/index.php?title=Autentificare_cu_PPPoE_pentru_retelele_de_cartier&diff=6601&oldid=prev Rz: /* Tipuri de VPN-uri */ cleanup 2010-09-19T23:07:26Z <p>‎<span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Tipuri de VPN-uri: </span> cleanup</span></p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left" data-mw="interface"> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <tr style='vertical-align: top;' lang='ro'> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">← Versiunea anterioară</td> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Versiunea de la data 19 septembrie 2010 23:07</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l7" >Linia 7:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Linia 7:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>VPN-urile securizate folosesc tuneluri criptate pentru a avea '''confidentialitatea necesara''', '''autentificarea partilor''' si '''integritatea mesajelor'''. Atunci cand sunt corect alese, implementate si folosite, aceste tehnologii pot furniza comunicatii securizate peste retele nesigure.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>VPN-urile securizate folosesc tuneluri criptate pentru a avea '''confidentialitatea necesara''', '''autentificarea partilor''' si '''integritatea mesajelor'''. Atunci cand sunt corect alese, implementate si folosite, aceste tehnologii pot furniza comunicatii securizate peste retele nesigure.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Tehnologii pentru VPN-uri securizate pot fi folosite pentru imbunatatirea securitatii sau ca <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">un “patura </del>de <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">securitate” </del>peste infrastructuri de retea dedicate.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Tehnologii pentru VPN-uri securizate pot fi folosite pentru imbunatatirea securitatii sau ca <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">o &quot;patura </ins>de <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">securitate&quot; </ins>peste infrastructuri de retea dedicate.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Printre protocoalele VPN securizate sunt urmatoarele:</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Printre protocoalele VPN securizate sunt urmatoarele:</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* Ipsec (Ip security), o parte integranta din Ipv6 (cu o implementare linux la http://www.openswan.org/)</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* Ipsec (Ip security), o parte integranta din Ipv6 (cu o implementare linux la http://www.openswan.org/)</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* SSL folosit pentru tunelarea intregii stive de retea, ca in OpenVPN, cu ajutorul driverelor TUN/TAP (TUN pentru simularea unei interfete Point-to-Point si TAP pentru simularea unei interfete Ethernet) <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">– http://openvpn.net/</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* SSL folosit pentru tunelarea intregii stive de retea, ca in <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[[</ins>OpenVPN<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">]]</ins>, cu ajutorul driverelor TUN/TAP (TUN pentru simularea unei interfete Point-to-Point si TAP pentru simularea unei interfete Ethernet)</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* PPTP (point-to-point tunneling protocol), dezvoltat in colaborare de mai multe companii, printre care si Microsoft - http://www.microsoft.com/ntserver/ProductInfo/faqs/PPTPfaq.asp</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* PPTP (point-to-point tunneling protocol), dezvoltat in colaborare de mai multe companii, printre care si Microsoft - http://www.microsoft.com/ntserver/ProductInfo/faqs/PPTPfaq.asp</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* PPPoE (point-to-point protocol over Ethernet) este un protocol folosit pentru incapsularea pacheteleor PPP in cadre Ethernet. Ofera functionalitati PPP standard cum ar fi autentificare, criptare si compresie.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* PPPoE (point-to-point protocol over Ethernet) este un protocol folosit pentru incapsularea pacheteleor PPP in cadre Ethernet. Ofera functionalitati PPP standard cum ar fi autentificare, criptare si compresie.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Tinc </del>http://www.tinc-vpn.org/ - o solutie vpn pentru UNIX care lucreaza in user-space, care poate sa transmita nu numai pachete Ipv4 sau Ipv6 prin tunelul securizat.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[</ins>http://www.tinc-vpn.org/ <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Tinc] </ins>- o solutie vpn pentru UNIX care lucreaza in user-space, care poate sa transmita nu numai pachete Ipv4 sau Ipv6 prin tunelul securizat.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">CIPE – Crypto IP Encapsulation - </del>http://sites.inka.de/bigred/devel/cipe.html <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">– </del>solutie VPN pentru Unix care foloseste algoritmi Blowfish si IDEA cu chei de 128 de biti, foarte performant si pe sisteme cu procesor slab (486). Foloseste incapsulare UDP.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[</ins>http://sites.inka.de/bigred/devel/cipe.html <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> CIPE - Crypto IP Encapsulation] - </ins>solutie VPN pentru Unix care foloseste algoritmi Blowfish si IDEA cu chei de 128 de biti, foarte performant si pe sisteme cu procesor slab (486). Foloseste incapsulare UDP.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Htun - </del>http://htun.runslinux.net/ - o solutie pentru Linux care permite crearea unui tunel VPN bidirectional peste un proxy HTTP sau doar peste portul 80, dand posibilitatea de a trece peste firewall-uri restrictive. HTun creeaza o retea IP point-to-point peste HTTP encapsuland traficul IP in cereri HTTP valide. Serverul HTun trebuie sa se afle pe o gazda cu o conexiune nerestrictionata la internet, asculta pe un port de webserver (80 sau 443) si accepta conexiunile clientilor HTun. Clientul HTun este rulat din reteaua cu restrictii, comunicand cu serverul HTun peste proxy-ul HTTP.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[</ins>http://htun.runslinux.net/ <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Htun] </ins>- o solutie pentru Linux care permite crearea unui tunel VPN bidirectional peste un proxy HTTP sau doar peste portul 80, dand posibilitatea de a trece peste firewall-uri restrictive. HTun creeaza o retea IP point-to-point peste HTTP encapsuland traficul IP in cereri HTTP valide. Serverul HTun trebuie sa se afle pe o gazda cu o conexiune nerestrictionata la internet, asculta pe un port de webserver (80 sau 443) si accepta conexiunile clientilor HTun. Clientul HTun este rulat din reteaua cu restrictii, comunicand cu serverul HTun peste proxy-ul HTTP.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">PPP over SSH - </del>http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/ppp-ssh/ - probabil cel mai simplu VPN de realizat. Cea mai mare problema a sa este se realizeaza peste un flux TCP, si atunci cand se incearca conexiuni TCP prin acel tunel pot aparea intarzieri, caderi. <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&lt;br /&gt; “Problema” </del>se numeste TCP over TCP si este cunoscuta [<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">http://sites.inka.de/~W1011/devel/tcp-tcp.html </del>http://sites.inka.de/~W1011/devel/tcp-tcp.html] ; aceasta problema a dat nastere la proiectul CIPE, care rezolva aceasta problema folosind incapsularea UDP.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[</ins>http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/ppp-ssh/ <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">PPP over SSH] </ins>- probabil cel mai simplu VPN de realizat. Cea mai mare problema a sa este se realizeaza peste un flux TCP, si atunci cand se incearca conexiuni TCP prin acel tunel pot aparea intarzieri, caderi. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&quot;Problema&quot; </ins>se numeste TCP over TCP si este cunoscuta [http://sites.inka.de/~W1011/devel/tcp-tcp.html] ; aceasta problema a dat nastere la proiectul CIPE, care rezolva aceasta problema folosind incapsularea UDP.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>&#160;</div></td><td colspan="2">&#160;</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Cele 4 atribute cheie ale unui VPN ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Cele 4 atribute cheie ale unui VPN ==</div></td></tr> </table> Rz https://wiki.lug.ro/index.php?title=Autentificare_cu_PPPoE_pentru_retelele_de_cartier&diff=6600&oldid=prev Rz: cleanup - mutat mentiunea din pagina parinte 2010-09-19T23:02:39Z <p>cleanup - mutat mentiunea din pagina parinte</p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left" data-mw="interface"> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <tr style='vertical-align: top;' lang='ro'> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">← Versiunea anterioară</td> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Versiunea de la data 19 septembrie 2010 23:02</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l311" >Linia 311:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Linia 311:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Constantin Gavrilescu - [mailto:costin@gmx.net costin@gmx.net]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Constantin Gavrilescu - [mailto:costin@gmx.net costin@gmx.net]</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(restaurat de pe http://web.archive.org/web/20061018045738/http://linux.usr.ro/pppoe/ si wikizat)</ins></div></td></tr> </table> Rz https://wiki.lug.ro/index.php?title=Autentificare_cu_PPPoE_pentru_retelele_de_cartier&diff=4893&oldid=prev Bmbogdan: A protejat "Autentificare cu PPPoE pentru retelele de cartier" [edit=autoconfirmed:move=autoconfirmed] 2009-07-22T04:36:32Z <p>A protejat &quot;<a href="/index.php/Autentificare_cu_PPPoE_pentru_retelele_de_cartier" title="Autentificare cu PPPoE pentru retelele de cartier">Autentificare cu PPPoE pentru retelele de cartier</a>&quot; [edit=autoconfirmed:move=autoconfirmed]</p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left" data-mw="interface"> <tr style='vertical-align: top;' lang='ro'> <td colspan='1' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">← Versiunea anterioară</td> <td colspan='1' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Versiunea de la data 22 iulie 2009 04:36</td> </tr><tr><td colspan='2' style='text-align: center;' lang='ro'><div class="mw-diff-empty">(Nicio diferență)</div> </td></tr></table> Bmbogdan https://wiki.lug.ro/index.php?title=Autentificare_cu_PPPoE_pentru_retelele_de_cartier&diff=4892&oldid=prev Bmbogdan: revenire 2009-07-22T04:36:09Z <p>revenire</p> <table class="diff diff-contentalign-left" data-mw="interface"> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <col class='diff-marker' /> <col class='diff-content' /> <tr style='vertical-align: top;' lang='ro'> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">← Versiunea anterioară</td> <td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Versiunea de la data 22 iulie 2009 04:36</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1" >Linia 1:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Linia 1:</td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">most; http://laurastudios.com/ cialis; http://sistuhsonthemove.com from prednisone withdrawal; http://dreamteamcouch.com/ finpecia; http://mikotostar.com/ accutane ibs; http://covenantchildren.com/ accutane; http://iskconstudentassociation.com/ order propecia; http://concholionsclub.com/ levitra and grapefruit juice;</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">== Ce este un VPN ==</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">bottom; http://luckyviking.com/ levitra; http://howardjohnsonexperience.com/ effects levitra side; http://sistuhsonthemove.com prednisone; http://paintballmassacrearena.com/ doxycycline; http://prokeeperslobby</del>.<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">com/ buy cialis; http</del>:<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">//nequassetsoapworks</del>.<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">com/ cheapest propecia;</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Un VPN (Virtual Private Network) este o retea virtuala de comunicatii privata folosita de obicei intr-o companie, sau de catre diferite companii sau organizatii, pentru a comunica intr-o retea publica</ins>. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Traficul VPN poate fi transmis pe infrastructura publica (ex</ins>: <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">pe Intenet), folosind protocoale standard (si deseori nesigure), sau peste reteaua unui provider de servicii de telecomunicatii care furnizeaza servicii VPN bine definite de SLA (Service Level Agreement) intre consumatorul VPN si furnizorul de servicii VPN</ins>.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; 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</del>http://<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">uniquelyyoueventdesign</del>.<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">com</del>/ <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">20mg cialis; </del>http://<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">vammadopperbeads</del>.<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">com</del>/ <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">book colleen com</del>;</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">VPN-urile securizate folosesc tuneluri criptate pentru a avea '''confidentialitatea necesara''', '''autentificarea partilor''' si '''integritatea mesajelor'''. Atunci cand sunt corect alese, implementate si folosite, aceste tehnologii pot furniza comunicatii securizate peste retele nesigure.</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>&#160;</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Tehnologii pentru VPN-uri securizate pot fi folosite pentru imbunatatirea securitatii sau ca un “patura de securitate” peste infrastructuri de retea dedicate.</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>&#160;</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Printre protocoalele VPN securizate sunt urmatoarele:</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>&#160;</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">* Ipsec (Ip security), o parte integranta din Ipv6 (cu o implementare linux la http://www.openswan.org/)</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">* SSL folosit pentru tunelarea intregii stive de retea, ca in OpenVPN, cu ajutorul driverelor TUN/TAP (TUN pentru simularea unei interfete Point-to-Point si TAP pentru simularea unei interfete Ethernet) – </ins>http://<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">openvpn</ins>.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">net</ins>/</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">* PPTP (point-to-point tunneling protocol), dezvoltat </ins>in <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">colaborare de mai multe companii, printre care si Microsoft - </ins>http://<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">www.microsoft</ins>.com/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ntserver/ProductInfo/faqs/PPTPfaq.asp</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">* PPPoE (point-to-point protocol over Ethernet) este un protocol folosit pentru incapsularea pacheteleor PPP in cadre Ethernet. Ofera functionalitati PPP standard cum ar fi autentificare, criptare si compresie.</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">* Tinc </ins>http://<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">www.tinc-vpn</ins>.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">org</ins>/ <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">- o solutie vpn pentru UNIX care lucreaza in user-space, care poate sa transmita nu numai pachete Ipv4 sau Ipv6 prin tunelul securizat.</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">* CIPE – Crypto IP Encapsulation - </ins>http://<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">sites.inka.de/bigred/devel/cipe.html – solutie VPN pentru Unix care foloseste algoritmi Blowfish si IDEA cu chei de 128 de biti, foarte performant si pe sisteme cu procesor slab (486)</ins>. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Foloseste incapsulare UDP.</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">* Htun - </ins>http://<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">htun.runslinux.net/ - o solutie pentru Linux care permite crearea unui tunel VPN bidirectional peste un proxy HTTP sau doar peste portul 80, dand posibilitatea de a trece peste firewall-uri restrictive. HTun creeaza o retea IP point-to-point peste HTTP encapsuland traficul IP in cereri HTTP valide. Serverul HTun trebuie sa se afle pe o gazda cu o conexiune nerestrictionata la internet, asculta pe un port de webserver (80 sau 443) si accepta conexiunile clientilor HTun. Clientul HTun este rulat din reteaua cu restrictii, comunicand cu serverul HTun peste proxy-ul HTTP</ins>.</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">* PPP over SSH - </ins>http://<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">www.tldp.org/HOWTO/ppp-ssh/ - probabil cel mai simplu VPN de realizat</ins>. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Cea mai mare problema a sa este se realizeaza peste un flux TCP, si atunci cand se incearca conexiuni TCP prin acel tunel pot aparea intarzieri, caderi. &lt;br /&gt; “Problema” se numeste TCP over TCP si este cunoscuta [</ins>http://<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">sites</ins>.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">inka.de/~W1011/devel</ins>/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">tcp-tcp.html </ins>http://<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">sites</ins>.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">inka.de/~W1011/devel</ins>/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">tcp-tcp.html] </ins>; <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">aceasta problema a dat nastere la proiectul CIPE, care rezolva aceasta problema folosind incapsularea UDP.</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>&#160;</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>&#160;</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">== Cele 4 atribute cheie ale unui VPN ==</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>&#160;</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Cea mai importanta parte a unei solutii VPN este securitatea. Faptul ca prin natura lor prin VPN-uri se transmit date private prin retele publice ridica dubii cu privire la securitatea acestor date si impactul pierderii datelor. O retea virtuala privata trebuie sa adreseze toate tipurile de amenintari la securitate furnizand servicii de securitate in zonele:</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>&#160;</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"># Autentificare (controlul accesului)</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"># Prezentare (criptare - confidentialitate)</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"># Transport (integritatea datelor)</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"># Non-repudiere - acest serviciu ar oferi dovezi de nefalsificat precum ca o anumita actiune a avut loc. Non repudierea originii inseamna ca datele a fost trimise, si non repudierea primirii dovedeste ca datele au fost receptionate.</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>&#160;</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Cei mai multi provideri doresc satisfacerea primului punct, autentificarea.</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>&#160;</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">== WISPs – Wireless Internet Service Providers ==</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>&#160;</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Un provider wireless poate opera hotspoturi sau intregi infrastructuri wireless. Necesitatea securizarii buclei locale wireless (WLL – wireless local loop) este evidenta in acest caz, pentru a elimina furtul serviciului.</ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr> <tr><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Solutii pentru securizarea hotspoturilor wireless si a retelelor ethernet &quot;de cartier&quot; ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>&#160;</td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Solutii pentru securizarea hotspoturilor wireless si a retelelor ethernet &quot;de cartier&quot; ==</div></td></tr> </table> Bmbogdan